不锈钢热交换器管
信哲是一家值得信赖的不锈钢管材制造商,位于中国温州,专业生产符合ASTM A213国际标准的高品质无缝不锈钢换热管。我们的管材经过精心设计,可在高温高压条件下保持卓越的性能。
什么是不锈钢换热无缝管?
不锈钢换热无缝管是一种高性能圆柱形管材,由一整块实心不锈钢坯料精心打造而成。与焊接管材不同,它没有焊缝,从而确保了卓越的结构完整性和可靠性,尤其是在高应力、高压和腐蚀性环境下。这些管材专为作为换热器的核心部件而设计,换热器是一种用于在两种或多种流体之间高效传递热量的装置。采用优质不锈钢,使其具有出色的耐腐蚀性、耐高温性和抗应力性,是各行业关键应用的理想之选。
不锈钢热交换器无缝管适用标准:
• ASTM A 213-无缝铁素体和奥氏体合金钢锅炉、过热器和换热器管的标准规范。
• ASTM A789-无缝双相不锈钢换热器管的标准规范。
• ASTM B161-镍无缝管和管材。
• ASTM B163-无缝镍及镍合金冷凝器和换热器管材规范。
• ASTM B167-镍铬铁合金和镍铬钴钼合金管材。
• ASTM B668-UNS08028无缝管材标准规范。
• EN 10216-5 TC-1 和TC 2、DIN 标准。
不锈钢热交换无缝管的主要特点和优势
无缝不锈钢换热管具有诸多独特的优势,使其在要求最苛刻的行业中具有不可估量的价值:
卓越的耐腐蚀性:不锈钢固有的特性使其具有出色的抗氧化、抗点蚀和抗缝隙腐蚀性能,尤其是在含氯化物环境中。
高强度和耐压性:无缝结构消除了潜在的薄弱点,使管道能够安全地承受较高的内部和外部压力,这对于安全性和效率至关重要。
卓越的传热效率:管子光滑的内外表面,加上不锈钢的热性能,有助于高效换热,并降低结垢或结垢的风险。
优异的韧性:在从低温到高温的广泛工作温度范围内,它都能保持良好的韧性,使其适用于各种应用。
长期可靠性:无焊缝和优质材料确保了更高的耐用性和更长的使用寿命,从而降低了维护成本和停机时间。
Product Specifications and Data
To provide a comprehensive overview of this high-performance material, here are the detailed technical specifications and performance data for Seamless Stainless Steel Heat Exchanger Tube.
Table 1: Typical Chemical Composition of Stainless Steel
The composition of stainless steel is carefully balanced to achieve its superior corrosion resistance and durability.
| Grade | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Ni | Mo | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TP304 | ≤ 0.080 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 1.00 | 18.00–20.00 | 8.00–11.00 | — | — |
| TP304L | ≤ 0.035 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 1.00 | 18.00–20.00 | 8.00–12.00 | — | — |
| TP304H | 0.04–0.10 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 1.00 | 18.00–20.00 | 8.00–11.00 | — | — |
| TP309S | ≤ 0.080 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 1.00 | 22.00–24.00 | 12.00–15.00 | — | — |
| TP310S | ≤ 0.080 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 1.00 | 24.00–26.00 | 19.00–22.00 | — | — |
| TP316 | ≤ 0.080 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 1.00 | 16.00–18.00 | 10.00–14.00 | 2.00–3.00 | — |
| TP316L | ≤ 0.035 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 1.00 | 16.00–18.00 | 10.00–14.00 | 2.00–3.00 | — |
| TP316Ti | ≤ 0.080 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 0.75 | 16.00–18.00 | 10.00–14.00 | 2.00–3.00 | Ti: 5xC min |
| TP317 | ≤ 0.080 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 1.00 | 18.00–20.00 | 11.00–15.00 | 3.00–4.00 | — |
| TP317L | ≤ 0.035 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 1.00 | 18.00–20.00 | 11.00–15.00 | 3.00–4.00 | — |
| TP321 | ≤ 0.080 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 1.00 | 17.00–19.00 | 9.00–12.00 | — | Ti: 5xC min |
| TP321H | 0.04–0.10 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 1.00 | 17.00–19.00 | 9.00–12.00 | — | Ti: 4x(C+N)–0.70 |
| TP347 | ≤ 0.080 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 1.00 | 17.00-20.00 | 9.00–13.00 | — | Nb: 10xC min |
| TP347H | 0.04–0.10 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 1.00 | 17.00–19.00 | 9.00–13.00 | — | Nb: 8xC–1.0 |
Note: All values are maximum percentages unless a range is specified. “5xC min” means the minimum titanium or niobium content must be at least 5 times the carbon content. Actual product analysis may permit slight deviations per ASTM A213 tolerance rules.
Table 2: Typical Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel
Stainless steel is designed to maintain its strength and integrity in challenging operational environments.
| Grade | Condition | 抗拉强度最小值, MPa (ksi) | 屈服强度最小值, MPa (ksi) | 延伸率最小值, % | Heat Treatment Temp |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TP304 | Annealed | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 35 | 1040°C (1900°F) min |
| TP304L | Annealed | 485 (70) | 170 (25) | 35 | 1040°C (1900°F) min |
| TP304H | Annealed | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 35 | 1040°C (1900°F) min |
| TP309S | Annealed | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 35 | 1040°C (1900°F) min |
| TP310S | Annealed | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 35 | 1040°C (1900°F) min |
| TP316 | Annealed | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 35 | 1040°C (1900°F) min |
| TP316L | Annealed | 485 (70) | 170 (25) | 35 | 1040°C (1900°F) min |
| TP316Ti | Annealed | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 35 | 1040°C (1900°F) min |
| TP317 | Annealed | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 35 | 1040°C (1900°F) min |
| TP317L | Annealed | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 35 | 1040°C (1900°F) min |
| TP321 | Annealed | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 35 | 1040°C (1900°F) min |
| TP321H | Annealed | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 35 | 1040°C (1900°F) min |
| TP347 | Annealed | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 35 | 1040°C (1900°F) min |
| TP347H | Annealed | 515 (75) | 205 (30) | 35 | 1040°C (1900°F) min |
| T11 | Norm. & Tempered | 415 (60) | 205 (30) | 30 | Norm. 1900°F + Temper 1200°F min |
| T22 | Norm. & Tempered | 415 (60) | 205 (30) | 30 | Norm. 1900°F + Temper 1250°F min |
| T91 | Norm. & Tempered | 585 (85) | 415 (60) | 20 | Norm. 1900°F + Temper 1350°F min |
Note: For longitudinal strip tests, a deduction from the basic minimum elongation of 1.00% for 18Cr-2Mo, T23, T91, and T122, and 1.50% for all other ferritic grades, shall be made for each 1/32 in. (0.8 mm) decrease in wall thickness below 5/16 in. (8 mm). Hardness limits also apply: most austenitic grades must not exceed 192 HB/200 HV (90 HRB).
Table 3:
ASTM A213 Tolerances
Dimensional tolerances under ASTM A213 govern outside diameter (OD), wall thickness, and cut length. These limits depend on the tube's OD range and whether the tube is cold-finished or hot-finished. Tighter OD tolerances are specified for cold-drawn tubes, while hot-finished tubes allow wider variation. The tables below outline the standard tolerance limits.
| 标准 | OD(D) | TOLERANCE (MM) | THICKNESS(S) | 公差 | 长度 | 公差 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MM | COMMON HIGH | MM | MM | MM | ||
| A213 HFD | D≤100 | +0.4 / -0.8 | D<100, S≤2.4 | +40% / 0 | HFD, all size | +5 / 0 |
| +0.4 / -1.2 | D<100, 2.4≤S≤3.8 | +35% / 0 | ||||
| +0.4 / -1.6 | D<100, 3.8≤S≤4.6 | +33% / 0 | ||||
| 100<d≤200< span=""></d≤200<> | +0.4 / -1.2 | D>100, 2.4≤S≤3.8 | +35% / 0 | |||
| 200<d≤225< span=""></d≤225<> | +0.4 / -1.6 | D>100, 3.8≤S≤4.6 | +33% / 0 | |||
| D>100, S>4.6 | +28% / 0 | |||||
| A213 CFD | D<25 | ±0.10 | D≤38.1 | +20% / 0 | CFD, D<50.8 | +3 / 0 |
| 25≤D≤40 | ±0.15 | |||||
| 40<d<50< span=""></d<50<> | ±0.20 | |||||
| 50≤D<65 | ±0.25 | |||||
| 65≤D<75 | ±0.30 | D>38.1 | +22% / 0 | CFD, D≥50.8 | +5 / 0 | |
| 75≤D≤100 | ±0.38 | |||||
| 100<d≤200< span=""></d≤200<> | +0.38 / -0.64 | |||||
| 200<d≤225< span=""></d≤225<> | +0.38 / -1.14 |
不锈钢热交换器无缝管的常见应用
不锈钢热交换器无缝管兼具高强度和优异的耐腐蚀性,使其成为以下应用的首选材料:
化学和石油化工加工:用于壳管式换热器、蒸发器和冷凝器,适用于各种腐蚀性流体。
石油和天然气行业:用于炼油厂和海上平台的冷却、加热和天然气处理。
发电:用于蒸汽冷凝器、余热回收蒸汽发生器(HRSG)和给水加热器。
食品和饮料:用于巴氏杀菌和灭菌过程中的卫生热交换。
制药行业:在洁净室环境中进行工艺加热和冷却,其中卫生和材料纯度至关重要。
不锈钢热交换器无缝管的制造工艺
无缝不锈钢换热管的制造是一个精密的多步骤过程,以确保最高的质量和性能:
- 加热:将一块实心不锈钢坯料加热到高温。
- 穿孔:穿孔机将芯轴推过加热后的钢坯中心,形成空心壳体。
- 拉拔和定径:空心壳体经冷拔或冷轧,以精确减小其直径和壁厚至所需规格。此工艺还能改善材料的机械性能和表面光洁度。
- 热处理:对管材进行热处理,以消除应力,并确保最终产品符合规定的冶金性能。
- 精加工:管材随后需经过矫直、切割至所需长度以及无损检测(例如涡流检测或水压检测)以验证其完整性,之后进行最终检验和包装。这一严谨的流程确保每一根无缝换热器管都符合最高的性能和可靠性标准。